中译英

    长链非编码RNA（lncRNA）是一类转录本长度超过200 nt （核苷酸单位）的功能性RNA 分子，它们不参与或很少参与蛋白质编码。虽然大部分lncRNAs不单独表现已知的RNA 特性，但是它们的转录物不可能是转录“噪音”，因为已经揭示出了相当一部分lncRNAs 位于亚细胞内，进行细胞特异性表达，并且与人类疾病有关[9]。近年来还发现一些lncRNAs，如与心肌梗死相关的lncRNA（MIAT）、INK4基因座中反义非编码RNA（ANRIL）与冠心病发病相关[10-11]。LncRNA H19 在胚胎期有丰富的表达，在出生后表达下调[3]。在人类动脉粥样硬化斑块和动脉损伤大鼠模型中，H19 重新表达[5, 12]。同型半胱氨酸血症，作为冠心病的独立危险因素，可提高H19 在主动脉血管平滑肌细胞（VSMC）的表达，这表明上调的H19可能参与冠心病的进展[12-13]。此外，基因研究还发现，H19 基因多态性与冠心病风险因素相关，包括肥胖、出生体重和血压[6-8]。到目前为止，已经有证据显示lncRNAs 多态性可以影响动脉粥样硬化斑块的形成，并且成为冠心病的易感因素[10]。在本项病例对照研究中，首次发现H19基因多态性（rs217727）可能与冠心病易感性相关。

        Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is a type of functional RNA molecules with transcript over 200nt (nucleotide unit), not or rarely participating in protein coding. Although most lncRNAs do not exhibit known RNA features alone, their transcripts might not be transcriptional noise, because it has been shown that quite a lot of lncRNAs are located in sub-cells and participate in cell specific expression, which are associated with human diseases [9]. In recent years more lncRNAs were identified, such as myocardial infarction associated lncRNA (MIAT), and antisense non-coding RNA(ANRIL) at INK4 locus associated with onset of coronary artery disease [10-11]. The expression of lncRNA H19 is enriched at embryonic period and down-regulated after birth [3]. In the human atherosclerotic plaques and artery injury rat model, H19 was re-expressed [5, 12]. Homocysteinaemia, an independent risk factor of coronary artery disease, may increase the H19 expression in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) of the aorta, indicating that up-regulated H19 might participate in coronary artery disease progression [12, 13]. In addition, basic research showed that H19 gene polymorphisms were associated with risky factors of coronary artery disease, including obesity, birth weight and blood pressure [6-8]. So far, it has been shown that lncRNA polymorphism is able to affect the formation of atherosclerotic plaques and becomes a susceptibility factor of coronary artery disease. In this controlled case study, H19 polymorphism(rs217727) was shown, for the first time, to be associated with coronary artery disease susceptibility.